If you have been wondering whether nasal polyps can cause catarrh, the short answer is yes — they can. According to recent studies, up to 4% of the UK population is affected by nasal polyps, and these growths are a recognised cause of persistent catarrh. Nasal polyps are soft, non-cancerous growths that develop in the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses. When polyps are present, they can disrupt normal mucus drainage, leading to that familiar feeling of congestion, dripping, and a build-up of mucus at the back of the throat.
Ms Safina Ali is a senior ENT consultant and general otolaryngology specialist based in Canary Wharf. With expertise spanning general ENT, head and neck conditions, and surgical procedures, Ms Ali regularly assesses and manages conditions such as nasal polyps and chronic catarrh. She helps patients understand the underlying cause of their symptoms and the options available to them.
What Is Catarrh and Why Does It Happen?
Catarrh refers to the excessive build-up of mucus in the nose, throat, or airways. It can feel like a constant need to clear your throat, a blocked or runny nose, or a sensation of mucus dripping down the back of the throat — known as postnasal drip. While catarrh is often associated with colds or allergies, it can also be a sign of an underlying structural issue, such as nasal polyps.
The nasal passages are lined with mucous membranes that produce mucus to trap dust, bacteria, and other particles. When these membranes become inflamed — as they do in the presence of nasal polyps — mucus production can increase and drainage can become impaired, resulting in persistent catarrh.
Can Nasal Polyps Cause Catarrh? Understanding the Link
Nasal polyps can cause catarrh by physically obstructing the nasal passages and interfering with the natural flow of mucus. When polyps grow large enough, they block the drainage pathways of the sinuses, causing mucus to accumulate rather than drain away efficiently. This stagnation often leads to the thick, persistent catarrh that many people with nasal polyps describe.
There is also an inflammatory component. Nasal polyps are closely associated with chronic rhinosinusitis — long-term inflammation of the sinuses — which itself drives increased mucus production. According to NHS guidance on nasal polyps, they are commonly linked to conditions involving ongoing inflammation, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and aspirin sensitivity.
Common Symptoms of Nasal Polyps That Include Catarrh
Catarrh is just one of several symptoms that nasal polyps can produce. Other symptoms that often appear alongside it include:
- A persistently blocked or stuffy nose
- Reduced or lost sense of smell (anosmia)
- Postnasal drip — mucus running down the back of the throat
- A feeling of pressure or fullness around the face
- Frequent sneezing
- Snoring or disrupted sleep
- A persistent cough caused by mucus irritating the throat
If you are experiencing several of these symptoms together, it is worth speaking to an ENT specialist to determine whether nasal polyps may be involved.
How Are Nasal Polyps Diagnosed?
Diagnosing nasal polyps typically involves a clinical examination of the nasal passages. Ms Safina Ali uses a flexible nasal endoscope — a thin, flexible camera — to examine the inside of the nose and sinuses in detail. This allows for a clear view of any polyps present, their size, and their location, which helps guide the most appropriate management plan.
A thorough assessment also helps to rule out other causes of catarrh, such as a deviated nasal septum, allergic rhinitis, or infection. Current research shows that around 30% of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis also have nasal polyps, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis in managing these conditions.
What Are the Treatment Options for Nasal Polyps and Catarrh?
Treatment for nasal polyps causing catarrh depends on the size of the polyps, the severity of symptoms, and any underlying conditions. Management is usually approached in a stepwise way.
Non-Surgical Options
For many patients, nasal corticosteroid sprays are the first line of treatment. These help to reduce inflammation and may shrink smaller polyps over time, improving mucus drainage and reducing catarrh. A short course of oral corticosteroids may also be considered in some cases. Treating any associated conditions — such as allergies or asthma — can also make a meaningful difference to symptoms.
Surgical Options
When polyps are large or do not respond adequately to medication, surgical removal may be recommended. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a commonly performed procedure that removes polyps and opens up the sinus drainage pathways. Your clinician will discuss whether surgery is appropriate based on your individual circumstances.
When Should You See an ENT Specialist?
It is advisable to seek an ENT assessment if your catarrh has persisted for more than a few weeks without an obvious cause, or if it is accompanied by nasal blockage, a reduced sense of smell, or facial pressure. These symptoms together can suggest nasal polyps and benefit from specialist evaluation rather than self-management alone.
If you experience sudden severe facial pain, a high fever, or visual changes alongside nasal symptoms, seek urgent medical attention promptly.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can nasal polyps go away on their own?
Nasal polyps typically do not go away on their own and often require treatment to reduce their size or remove them entirely.
2. Is catarrh a serious condition?
Catarrh itself is usually not serious, but persistent catarrh may indicate an underlying issue like nasal polyps or chronic sinusitis that needs medical attention.
3. How can I relieve catarrh at home?
Home remedies include staying hydrated, using saline nasal sprays, and inhaling steam to help clear mucus and ease discomfort.
4. Are there any long-term complications of untreated nasal polyps?
Untreated nasal polyps can lead to chronic sinusitis, worsening of asthma symptoms, and potential loss of smell.
5. What lifestyle changes can help manage nasal polyps?
Avoiding allergens, managing asthma effectively, and maintaining a healthy diet can help reduce the severity of symptoms associated with nasal polyps.
Summary
Nasal polyps can cause catarrh by obstructing mucus drainage and driving ongoing nasal inflammation. Persistent catarrh, especially when combined with nasal blockage or a reduced sense of smell, is worth investigating with an ENT specialist. With the right diagnosis, there are effective treatment options available — both medical and surgical — that can significantly improve quality of life.
To find out whether nasal polyps may be contributing to your catarrh, book a consultation with Ms Safina Ali at her Canary Wharf clinic. Ms Ali offers flexible appointment availability, including evenings and weekends, to suit your schedule. Get in touch today to arrange your assessment.
